常用的关联词有:when(当……时候),whenever(在任何时候),while(当……时候),as(正当……时),every/each time(每次),before(在……以前),after(在……以后),since(自……以来),till/until(直到……),as soon as(一……就),the moment(一……就),the minute(一……就),hardly…when(刚……就……),no sooner…than(刚……就……),等。如:
I’ll tell you about it when we meet.我们见面时,我会告诉你有关情况的。
As he was carrying out the experiment,he found something abnormal.
正当他在做试验时,他发现情况有些异常。
Please eat it while it is hot.请趁热吃。
It has been more than two years since we parted last time.
自我们上次分手至今已有两年多了。
注意:
1.在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时;如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时,那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。如:
Tom will tell him the truth when he comes back.
他回来时,汤姆会告诉他事实真相的。
Tom would tell him the truth when he came back.
他回来时,汤姆会告诉他事实真相的。
2.when,whenever,while和as这几个连词在表达意思方面比较接近,但是也有一定的区别:
whenever是when的强调形式;while和as的后面都可以用来表示“正值什么时候”或是“一边……一边……”的意思,因此后面都可以接“进行时”;另外,如果将when改写在主句之前,可表示主句谓语动作发生的突然性。如:
While she was watching TV,she was cracking seeds.
她一边看电视一边嗑瓜子。
As he was doing his packing,some of his friends came to say good-bye to him.