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二、武术的作用 The Function of Wushu

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(一)武术的健身作用 The Function of Health Improvement

武术练习是通过人体的运动来实现的,中国人民千百年来的习武实践和多年的科学研究结果,都表明武术由于注重内外兼修,对身体有着多方面的良好影响。

The effect of Wushu practice is achieved by the movements of human body.Chinese people's Wushu practicing for thousands of years and scientific research have proved that Wushu exercise has various benefits to health since Wushu exercise pays attention to both physical and spiritual cultivation.

中国人历来重视运动,注重养生之道。武术在发展的过程中和中国养生导引之术相互影响、渗透,增强了武术的健身作用,经常练习能收到壮内强外的效果。由于武术的内容丰富,不同的练习形式和内容有不同的运动特点,对人体健康也有多方面的影响,并相互补充,全面促进人的身体素质的提高。例如长拳类套路,包括屈伸、回环、跳跃、平衡、翻腾、跌扑等动作,通过内在神情的贯注和呼吸的配合以及人体各个器官的参与,对人体的反应速度、力量、灵巧、耐力等都有良好的促进作用。太极拳和许多武术练功方法一样,注重调息运气和意念活动,长期练习对治疗多种慢性疾病和调节人体内在环境平衡均有良好的医疗保健作用。不同的人可以根据个人的不同要求选择适合自己的项目进行练习,从而发挥武术的健身作用,达到增强体质的目的。

Chinese people always attach importance to exercise and health.During the development,Wushu and Chinese health preservation art have been influencing each other which strengthened Wushu's health function.Constant practicing of Wushu will benefit inner and external health.Wushu includes various forms and contents and the influences upon people's health also vary.These influences form supplements to each other, and promote health in all aspects.For instance,Changquan Taolu includes various movements such as Qushen(bending and stretching), Huihuan(curved swinging), Tiaoyue(leaping), Pingheng(balancing),Fanteng(somersault), Diepu(falling) etc..These movements are beneficial to the velocity,strength,agility and endurance of human body through the concentration of attention, the coordination of breath and the participation of various body organs.Taiji and many other Wushu practices lay stress on breath and attention,and long-term practice of such Taolu will benefit on chronic illnesses and the balance of inner body environment.People can choose different Taolu or Wushu style according to their individual requirement so as to take the advantage of Wushu's function of health preserving and fulfill the purpose of health improvement.