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第62章 解放宣言 (1)

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The Emancipation Proclamation

亚伯拉罕·林肯 / Abraham Lincoln

亚伯拉罕·林肯(1809—1865),美国第十六届总统。出生在肯塔基州一个农民家庭。从7岁开始就帮助父母放牛、耕地和打柴。当过雇农、船夫、小店铺里的伙计,后来又当过乡村邮递员和土地测量员。他一生在学校学习的时间加起来不到一年,但是他刻苦勤学,通过自学成为一位博学的人。他先后任过州议员、律师、众议员,并于1856年加入共和党。他反对奴隶制度,认为奴隶制度违反自由平等原则。但他又不是废奴隶主义者,他只是要求限制奴隶制向西部扩张。任内发表了《解放宣言》,提出“民有、民治、民享”的口号,并领导人民投入南北战争,重新统一了美国。1864年连任总统。1865年4月14日被南方奴隶主反对派指使的暴徒杀害。

Ace in the Hole

Understand these new words before you listen to this article.

1. countervailing adj. 补偿的;弥补的;抵消的

2. testimony n. (法庭上证人的)证词;证明,证据

3. aforesaid adj. 上述的,前述的(常用于法律文件)

4. thenceforward adv. 从那时,其后

Whereas, on the 22nd day of September, A.D. 1862, a proclamation was issued by the President of the United States, containing, among other things, the following, to wit:

“That on the 1st day of January, A.D. 1863, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States, shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.”