威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆/ William Somerset Maugham
威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆（1874—1965），英国著名小说家、剧作家、散文家。原是医学系学生，后转而致力写作。他的文章常在讥讽中潜藏对人性的怜悯与同情。《人性的枷锁》是倾其毕生心血的巨著，也为他奠定了伟大小说家的不朽地位。本文的《微尘与栋梁》指他人的小缺点与自己的大缺点，以此为篇名喻义深远，希冀藉此申明责己与责人之道。
Practicing for Better Learning
Think about the question before you read this article.
Make a list of merits and shortcomings of yourself.
It is curious that our own offenses should seem so much less heinous than the offenses of others. I suppose the reason is that we know all the circumstances that have occasioned them and so manage to excuse in ourselves what we cannot excuse in others. We turn our attention away from our own defects, and when we are forced by untoward events to consider them, find it easy to condone them. For all I know we are right to do this; they are part of us and we must accept the good and bad in ourselves together.
But when we come to judge others, it is not by ourselves as we really are that we judge them, but by an image that we have formed of ourselves from which we have left out everything that offends our vanity or would discredit us in the eyes of the world. To take a trivial instance: how scornful we are when we catch someone out telling a lie; but who can say that he has never told not one, but a hundred?
There is not much to choose between men. They are all a hotchpotch of greatness and littleness, of virtue and vice, of nobility and baseness. Some have more strength of character, or more opportunity, and so in one direction or another give their instincts freer play, but potentially they are the same. For my part, I do not think I am any better or any worse than most people, but I know that if I set down every action in my life and every thought that has crossed my mind, the world would consider me a monster of depravity. The knowledge that these reveries are common to all men should inspire one with tolerance to oneself as well as to others. It is well also if they enable us to look upon our fellows, even the most eminent and respectable, with humor, and if they lead us to take ourselves not too seriously.