[例1]The production______steadily,the factory needs an ever-increasing supply of raw material.
A.has gone up B.is going up
C.having gone up D.being gone up
【解析】答案C。选项A和B与名词the production构成了句子,但该句无连接词连接两个句子,因而应排除。选项C和D与 the production都可构成独立主格结构,作原因状语,但根据题意,“产量在稳步增长”,在逻辑上是主谓关系,应用主动语态。
[例2]Not far from the school there was a garden,______owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.
A.its B.whose C.which D.that
【解析】答案A。此题很容易误选B,认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner,但实质上空格后根本不是一个句子,因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词,但它们都是非谓语动词。seat 用作动词时,它总是及物的,其后要么接宾语,要么它就用于被动语态,所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is,则可以选择B(当然若将 seated 改为sitting,也应选择B)。所以此题最佳答案选A。
[例3]Weather______,we will go out for a walk.
A.permitted B.permitting C.permits D.for permitting
【解析】答案B。本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为“天气允许”,表主动,应用现在分词。
[例4]______,her suggestion is of greater value than yours.
A.All things considering B.All things considered
C.All things were considered D.With all things were considered
【解析】答案B。逗号后面句子的主语是her suggestion,一看四个选项主语都是 all things 所以肯定是独立主格结构。另外,all things 和consider 是很明显的被动关系。