(一)关系代词who的用法
who在定语从句中指代人,在定语从句中担任主语(有时候也可以担当宾语)。如:
Those students who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 8 after breakfast.
那些参加比赛的学生早饭后8点在大门口集合。
(二)关系代词whom的用法
whom在定语从句中指代人,在定语从句中担任宾语,此种情况下的whom可以省略。但是whom前面有介词时不能省去。如:
This is just the man whom I want for the job.
这正是我要的做这份工作的人。
Is she the girl whom you are looking for?她是你在找的那个女孩吗?
注意:在定语从句中,关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,也可省略。
(三)关系代词that的用法
that在定语从句中可以指人也可以指物,可以做主语也可以做宾语。但是that不能用在非限制性定语从句中,也不能作介词的宾语。
1.that在定语从句中指人,可以做主语也可以做宾语(作宾语时可省去),可以和who,whom互换。如:
Is he the man that/who wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
This is the boy(who/whom/that)I went there with.
这就是和我一起去那儿的男孩。
This is the boy with whom I went.这就是和我一起去那儿的男孩。
2.that 在定语从句中指物,可以做主语也可以做宾语(作宾语时可省去)。如:
This book that was bought by my mother is very interesting.
那本很有趣的书是我妈妈买的。
This book(that)my mother bought is very interesting.
我妈妈买的那本书很有趣。
(四)关系代词which的用法
which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时通常可以省略。通常可以和that 互换。如: